Harami Candlestick Patterns Explained: What They Are & How To Trade Them

What Is a Harami Pattern?

A harami pattern is a 2-candlestick formation that may signal a reversal.  It is made up of a long candle moving in the direction of current trend followed by a small candle moving in the opposite direction.  The trading range of the second candle must be completely contained within that of the first.

The harami candlestick pattern has both bullish and bearish variations.  It also has a sub-type called the harami cross.

Of course, no candlestick pattern guarantees a particular outcome.  Instead, they offer clues as to what is going on in the market.

So the question is, what does a harami really tell you?

What Harami Patterns Mean

Like many candlestick patterns, the name itself doesn’t reveal much.

In Japanese, harami means “pregnant,” assumedly based on the way the pattern looks.  The long candle represents the mother, the short candle represents her pregnant belly.

In trading terms:

• During the first period, price continued the ongoing trend.
• Before the second period opened, price moved against the trend, opening within the range of the prior candle body.
• During the second period, price moved against trend to a modest degree, closing within the range of the prior candle body.

This sets the stage for reversal, as counter-trend pressure appears to be mounting.

How To Recognize Harami Candlestick Patterns

Traders are attracted to patterns partly because they are easy to spot.

However, it’s also easy to see things on the charts that aren’t truly there (or anticipate events that never come to fruition).  That’s one of the reasons why waiting for confirmation is so important.

Technically, a harami pattern must:

• Begin with a long candle moving with trend
• End with a short candle moving slightly against trend
• Have the second candle’s body and wicks contained completely within the body of the first

In practicality though, many traders will make various exceptions.

• The first candle doesn’t have to be a long candle, as long as it contains the second candle and moves in the direction of trend.
• The second candle doesn’t have to move against trend as long as it is neutral and/or very small.
• The second candle’s wicks don’t have to be contained within the body of the first, as long as its body is.
• If additional, consecutive candles after the second candle remain contained within the body of the first candle, all would be included in the harami pattern.

Depending on who you ask, any of these standards may be more or less important.  Moreover, some of these variations may be more properly classified as other reversal candlestick patterns, such as the harami cross.

Remember, identifying the reversal itself is more important than labeling the formation.  That’s not to say these standards are completely unimportant (as we’ll touch on shortly).  It’s just to say that the implications are more important than the criteria.

In other words, you need to put it into context.

Where Haramis Fit in the Chart Narrative

The markets are often characterized as a battle between the bulls and the bears.

Harami patterns show that one side attempted to press their advantage on candle one, lost momentum between candles, and fully stalled out by the close of candle two.

On the chart, it looks like the birth of a counter-trend.

It might happen like this on a daily time frame:

After a strongly trending day, traders awoke to an open inside the prior day’s open and close.  Alarmed, those who had been riding the trend backed off.  This allowed price to slowly drift against the trend through the second day, closing in a tight range again within the prior day’s open and close.

In the short-term, it amounts to a counter-trend incubator.

The question traders need to ask themselves is, “Will this birth a sustained reversal or a miscarriage of momentum?”

To answer that question, you’ll need more than just an understanding of Japanese candlesticks and candlestick patterns.  You’ll want to analyze both within the context of greater chart patterns as well as trend and price levels.  You’ll also want to make use of your own chart markup and indicators.

Analyze the history of your preferred asset(s) with respect to harami patterns and apply it to your own trading style.

Now, you can test (and/or stretch) the criteria we mentioned above to find the most tradeable opportunities.  For example, you may find that harami that feature a hammer-shaped candle perform more reliably.  Or, you may find something else entirely.

Here is where the story in the charts begins to come into focus.

This is what we call technical analysis.

How To Trade Harami Patterns

Reversal points are great places to enter or exit trades.

Harami patterns serve as easy-to-spot signs of potential reversals—and may even lead to longer-term tops or bottoms when found on higher time frames.

Generally, you can put more weight into multi-stick patterns than single candles.  They give you more information over a longer amount of time.  Still, it is considered unwise to trade based on candlestick patterns alone.  They rarely have extremely high hit rates by themselves.

You need additional points of confluence to shift the probabilities in your favor.

Some of the more important ones include:

• Volume – Reversals are often accompanied by elevated trading volume.  For harami patterns, be on the lookout for it on either candlestick.
• Price Formations – Reversal patterns like harami candles often form near important price levels or trend lines, leading to a bounce at support or rejection at resistance.
• Oscillator Shift – Oscillating indicators like the RSI or stochastics are commonly used to identify reversals by analyzing slope, percentile, and/or divergence.

The fewer such factors corroborating the reversal, the less confident you can be about it.

It would be difficult to form a comprehensive trading strategy around harami patterns.  There simply isn’t enough there to develop a strong edge.  Even with a great understanding of trading math, orders, psychology, risk management, options, and automation, you’d still have a hard time.

You’re much better off building your strategy around other tools then using reversal patterns as an additional point of confirmation.

Patterns like the harami are much better idea givers than trade makers.

Other Candlestick Pattern Types

The harami is but one of many candlestick patterns.

You’d be wise to get familiar with all of the other ones too.

• Abandoned Baby
• Breakaway
• Counterattack Lines
• Doji Star
• Engulfing
• Harami Cross
• In Neck
• Kicking
• Ladder
• Last Engulfing
• Mat Hold
• Matching
• Meeting Lines
• On Neck
• Separating Lines
• Star
• Stomach
• Tasuki Gap
• Three Inside
• Three Methods
• Three Outside
• Tweezer
• Window

Sure, there are quite a few of them.  But don’t let that intimidate you.

It’s unnecessary to memorize all the names and criteria for every pattern.  What’s more important is to learn the principles of price action and technical analysis.

In fact, you’re free to forget all of the names and specifications as long as you can look at a group of candlesticks and understand what they are trying to tell you.

Takeaways

To review:

Harami are a type of candlestick pattern that signals a potential reversal.  While not a guarantee, their appearance may indicate that market conditions are changing.  Thus, they can help you find winning trades.

Of course, there are other candlestick patterns that you should learn about.  And even so, the ability to recognize patterns is not enough to trade successfully on its own.

Nonetheless, you’ve now added one more tool to your toolkit.

Have questions or more information to add?  Contribute to the conversation in the comments below!  Or, if you know someone who could benefit from this post, share it with them.  You can also check out our Candlestick Patterns Guide to improve your candlestick analysis skills.