Learning how to read and trade them adds a valuable weapon to your trading arsenal. Most technical analysis is based on Japanese candlestick charts, after all. In this post, we’ll go over everything you need to know to trade bearish three-line strike candle patterns.
To start, let’s define them.
What Is a Bearish Three Line Strike Candlestick Pattern?
A bearish three-line strike is a bullish reversal formation. They occur during downtrends and consist of 1) three large-bodied candlesticks moving down and 2) a large-bodied candlestick moving up that is preceded by a gap down and closes above the open of the first candle.
***Please note, many sources list the bearish three-line strike as a bearish continuation pattern. However, various quantitative analyses show that it actually acts as a bullish reversal pattern, which also matches the way the pattern looks.
It is the bullish version of the three-line strike pattern, and therefore the opposite of the bullish three-line strike pattern. (Yes, you read that right. The confusion is due to naming issues, which we will discuss in the next section.) It is also similar to the bullish engulfing, three outside up, bullish breakaway, and ladder bottom patterns.
Of course, no candlestick pattern guarantees a particular outcome. They are more like suggestions than promises.
So, what do bearish three-line strike patterns really tell you?
What Bearish Three-Line Strike Patterns Mean
Three-line strikes may have the worst naming conventions of any candlestick pattern.
Unlike some patterns, English speakers do not use the Japanese name for this one. Instead, the term “three-line strike” is probably meant to represent the fact that the fourth candle cancels (or strikes) out the action of the first three. While this does make some sense, you’d assume a “three line” pattern would have only three lines.
Moreover, a “bearish” three line strike is actually a bullish reversal pattern while a “bullish” three line strike is actually a bearish reversal pattern. In our estimation, these patterns were mislabeled at some point because this doesn’t make any sense.
In trading terms:
- First Period – The price decreases significantly, in line with the downward trend.
- Second Period – The price decreases significantly, in line with the downward trend.
- Third Period – The price decreases significantly, in line with the downward trend.
- Pre/Post-Market Trading – The price decreases.
- Fourth Period – The price increases significantly and closes higher than the open of the first period.
This threatens the ongoing downtrend and creates several decision zones that are likely to play a major role in determining trend direction. If sellers cannot push price back below the formation, it may lead to a bullish reversal and subsequent uptrend.
Figuratively, bearish three-line strikes indicate that the bears may have struck out.
How To Recognize Bearish 3 Line Strike Candlestick Patterns
Patterns are attractive partly because they stand out.
To the untrained eye, they may mean nothing. But to those with experience, they are something like a beacon. They draw your attention to a specific segment of price action, encouraging you to look more closely.
To gain this insight, all you need to do is learn the rules and practice finding them on the charts.
By definition, a bearish three line strike pattern has several requirements.
- It must appear during a general downtrend.
- The first three candles must be bearish long-line candlesticks.
- The fourth candle must be a bullish long-line candlestick.
- The fourth candle must open with a gap down.
- The fourth candle must close above the body of the first candle.
As you can see, most of this pattern’s rules center around the fourth candlestick.
However, some exceptions may be acceptable.
- The first three candles don’t all necessarily have to be long candles, as long as they represent a significant cumulative price decrease.
- The fourth candle doesn’t necessarily have to open with a gap, as long as it closes above the open of the first and all other criteria are met.
- The fourth candle doesn’t necessarily have to close above the open of the first, as long as it closes near it and all other criteria are met.
You may find better results by stretching some of these criteria (or even adding your own). For instance, your analysis may reveal that three-line strike patterns with larger gaps perform more reliably than those with smaller gaps. Or, you may find something else entirely.
Technically, these variations may fall more accurately under other candlestick reversal patterns.
This is okay though, as implication supersedes classification. And similar patterns usually have similar implications (though not always).
Yet, that does not mean that these standards are wholly irrelevant. In fact, certain ones are definitely mandatory, such as the direction of the candles in relation to trend. It just means that deeper examination may help you identify more and/or better trading opportunities.
Ultimately, how seriously you take each of these guidelines is up to you. Don’t forget that the purpose of analyzing candlestick patterns is to interpret underlying price action. Your pattern labeling skills are less important.
To this end, you need to understand where they fit.
Where Bearish 3 Line Strikes Fit in the Chart Narrative
The markets are often described as a battle between the bulls and the bears.
Bearish three line strike patterns show that the bears pressed their advantage on candles one through three (and between candles three and four) then relinquished control to the bulls by the end of candle four.
On the chart, it looks like an unexpected upturn.
Price plummeted for three straight days, extending the prevailing trend. After regular trading hours closed on the third day, price fell still further. On the fourth morning however, the tides began to turn. The bulls showed up in force, pushing price back up. This led to a flurry of profit taking from sellers, adding even more buying pressure. A few hours later, news broke that created real optimism in the asset’s fundamentals. From there, price skyrocketed. By the final bell, the movement of the previous three days was completely erased, with price closing above the open of the first day.
The stage is now set for a fight over the price levels highlighted by this price action. If buyers can defend these levels, the chance of a bullish reversal increases.
Please note: This is only an illustration. Bearish three-line strike patterns can reflect any number of real-world scenarios.
In the short-term, it amounts to a crippling counterattack.
The question for traders:
“Can the bulls hit a homerun or will their reversal attempt strike out?”
To answer that question, you’ll need more than an understanding of Japanese candlesticks and candlestick patterns. You’ll want to evaluate both within the context of longer-term chart patterns as well as trend and price levels. You’ll also want to make use of your own chart markup and indicators.
Explore the history of your preferred asset(s) with respect to three-line strike candlestick patterns and apply your findings to your own trading style.
The more thorough your technical analysis, the more clear the story in the charts becomes.
How To Trade Bearish Three Line Strike Candle Patterns
Bullish reversal patterns are great places to enter longs or exit shorts, especially when you see them coming.
As such, bearish three-line strike candle patterns serve as easy-to-spot signs of potential changes from bearish to bullish momentum. They may even lead to cycle-ending bottoms.
In most cases, you can assign greater weight to multi-stick patterns than single candles because they provide more information over a longer duration. However, you should wait for all candles to close before making any decisions. Otherwise, there is a good chance that you’ll get caught in a fake out.
Additionally, there are a few other things you should consider before trading candlestick patterns.
First and foremost, they are never a “sure thing.” According to Bulkowski’s Encyclopedia of Candlestick Patterns, if you treat them as bullish reversal signals, bearish 3 line strikes have a hit rate of 65% (while bullish 3 line strikes have a hit rate of 84% as bearish reversal signals). Although these numbers are pretty good compared to most candlestick patterns, they still aren’t a certainty. And obviously, this comes in direct opposition to the continuation signal narrative.
What’s more, candlestick patterns do not have uniform price targets or measured moves like chart patterns do. That makes position management trickier.
Plus, failed reversal patterns often lead to continuation or consolidation. Thus, you’d be wise to seek additional confirmation factors to increase your odds of a successful trade.
Some of these include:
- Volume – Reversals are often accompanied by elevated trading volume. For three line strike patterns, you want to see a spike on the fourth candle (or shortly thereafter).
- Price Formations – Bullish reversal patterns that form just above important support levels tend to be more reliable. They also reinforce the strength of these levels.
- Oscillator Shift – Oscillating indicators like the RSI or stochastics are commonly used to identify reversals by analyzing slope, percentile, and/or divergence.
The more corroborating elements are present, the more confident you can be about the strength of an upward three-line strike reversal signal.
Even so, it would be difficult to build a successful trading strategy around any single candlestick pattern. There simply isn’t enough there to develop a strong edge. It would still be suboptimal with an expert understanding of trading math, order execution, market psychology, risk management, options, and automation.
In essence, 3 line strike patterns are more useful idea givers than trade makers.
Better yet, you’ll probably find more success building your strategy around other tools and using candlestick patterns as the final point of confirmation.
Other Candlestick Pattern Types
There are many bullish reversal candlestick patterns.
The bearish three-line strike is only one.
Likewise, there are many bearish reversal candlestick patterns. Not to mention, you have bullish continuation candlestick patterns and bearish continuation candlestick patterns.
For most traders though, tackling all candlestick patterns at once may be the best learning path.
- Abandoned Baby – Bearish | Bullish
- Breakaway – Bearish | Bullish
- Counterattack Lines – Bearish | Bullish
- Doji Star – Evening | Morning
- Engulfing – Bearish | Bullish
- Harami – Bearish | Bullish
- Harami Cross – Bearish | Bullish
- In Neck – Bearish | Bullish
- Kicking – Down | Up
- Ladder – Top | Bottom
- Last Engulfing – Top | Bottom
- Mat Hold – Bearish | Bullish
- Matching – High | Low
- Meeting Lines – Bearish | Bullish
- On Neck – Bearish | Bullish
- Separating Lines – Bearish | Bullish
- Star – Evening | Morning
- Stomach – Below | Above
- Tasuki Gap – Downside | Upside
- Three Inside – Down | Up
- Three Methods – Falling | Rising
- Three Outside – Down | Up
- Tri-Star – Bearish | Bullish
- Tweezer – Top | Bottom
- Window – Falling | Rising
Sure, it is quite a long list.
Luckily for us all, you don’t need to memorize every pattern and its criteria. Instead, focus on price action and technical analysis principles. The goal is to be able to look at any group of candlesticks and understand what they mean.
The more candlestick patterns you study, the easier this will become.
Takeaways
To review:
Bearish 3-line strikes are a type of candlestick pattern that signal a potential bullish reversal. While not a guarantee, their appearance may indicate that market conditions are shifting in favor of buyers. When used properly, this can help you find winning trades.
Of course, there are other candlestick patterns that you should learn about. Still, the ability to recognize patterns is not enough to trade successfully on its own.
Nonetheless, you’ve now added one more weapon to your arsenal.
Have questions or more information to add? Contribute to the conversation in the comments below! Or, if you know someone who could benefit from this post, share it with them. You can also check out our Candlestick Patterns Guide to improve your candlestick analysis skills.